Money around Michael A. Rulli · 2 election cycles on record
Three different things, kept apart on purpose. Direct PAC is money a political action committee gave the campaign committee. Outside spending for is independent expenditures supporting the member (FEC 24E/24C). Outside spending against is independent expenditures opposing them (24A/24F) — often the largest bucket, and it is money spent to defeat the member, so it is never added to the other two.
Direct PAC contributions
$1.3M
to the principal campaign committee, all cycles
Outside spending · for
$108K
independent expenditures supporting
Outside spending · against
$154K
independent expenditures opposing — not support
By election cycle
| Cycle | Direct PAC | Outside · for | Outside · against |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | $811K | — | — |
| 2024 | $445K | $108K | $154K |
By donor industry · PAC sponsor's industry tag, all cycles
| Industry | Direct PAC | Outside · for | Outside · against | Transactions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uncategorized | $701K | $104K | $154K | 403 |
| leadership pac uncategorized | $104K | — | — | 37 |
| labor union | $72K | — | — | 21 |
| energy oil gas | $62K | — | — | 38 |
| healthcare | $59K | — | — | 46 |
| telecommunications | $47K | — | — | 22 |
| finance | $40K | — | — | 21 |
| insurance | $39K | — | — | 21 |
| pharma | $26K | — | — | 19 |
| technology | $21K | — | — | 8 |
| single issue israel | $20K | — | — | 4 |
| agriculture | $18K | — | — | 8 |
| real estate | $17K | — | — | 6 |
| defense | $10K | — | — | 8 |
| transportation | $10K | — | — | 5 |
| education | $6K | — | — | 4 |
| single issue gun rights | $4K | $2K | — | 5 |
| energy utilities | $4K | — | — | 2 |
| single issue pro life | — | $2K | — | 2 |
Source: fec_pac_contributions (FEC bulk pas2, per-transaction, sub_id unique) via get_real_campaign_money / get_real_contributions_by_sector; industry from pac_industry_tags. "uncategorized" = the sponsoring PAC has no industry tag yet. Individual donors are not included.