Money around Deborah K. Ross · 4 election cycles on record
Three different things, kept apart on purpose. Direct PAC is money a political action committee gave the campaign committee. Outside spending for is independent expenditures supporting the member (FEC 24E/24C). Outside spending against is independent expenditures opposing them (24A/24F) — often the largest bucket, and it is money spent to defeat the member, so it is never added to the other two.
Direct PAC contributions
$2.3M
to the principal campaign committee, all cycles
Outside spending · for
$18K
independent expenditures supporting
Outside spending · against
$312
independent expenditures opposing — not support
By election cycle
| Cycle | Direct PAC | Outside · for | Outside · against |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | $473K | $10 | — |
| 2024 | $778K | $11K | — |
| 2022 | $626K | $7K | $312 |
| 2020 | $379K | $667 | — |
By donor industry · PAC sponsor's industry tag, all cycles
| Industry | Direct PAC | Outside · for | Outside · against | Transactions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uncategorized | $1.1M | $18K | — | 612 |
| labor union | $358K | — | $312 | 110 |
| healthcare | $105K | — | — | 61 |
| telecommunications | $99K | — | — | 59 |
| pharma | $89K | — | — | 46 |
| insurance | $79K | — | — | 40 |
| leadership pac uncategorized | $77K | — | — | 38 |
| finance | $56K | — | — | 26 |
| technology | $53K | — | — | 34 |
| defense | $33K | — | — | 18 |
| energy oil gas | $27K | — | — | 13 |
| real estate | $26K | — | — | 12 |
| single issue israel | $24K | — | — | 15 |
| education | $23K | — | — | 8 |
| transportation | $22K | — | — | 8 |
| single issue environment | $18K | $30 | — | 23 |
| ideological progressive | $15K | — | — | 5 |
| single issue gun control | $12K | — | — | 7 |
| party republican | $8K | — | — | 7 |
| agriculture | $8K | — | — | 8 |
| single issue pro choice | $3K | $168 | — | 7 |
| party democratic | $810 | — | — | 2 |
Source: fec_pac_contributions (FEC bulk pas2, per-transaction, sub_id unique) via get_real_campaign_money / get_real_contributions_by_sector; industry from pac_industry_tags. "uncategorized" = the sponsoring PAC has no industry tag yet. Individual donors are not included.