Money around Ralph Norman · 5 election cycles on record
Three different things, kept apart on purpose. Direct PAC is money a political action committee gave the campaign committee. Outside spending for is independent expenditures supporting the member (FEC 24E/24C). Outside spending against is independent expenditures opposing them (24A/24F) — often the largest bucket, and it is money spent to defeat the member, so it is never added to the other two.
Direct PAC contributions
$1.3M
to the principal campaign committee, all cycles
Outside spending · for
$78K
independent expenditures supporting
Outside spending · against
$327K
independent expenditures opposing — not support
By election cycle
| Cycle | Direct PAC | Outside · for | Outside · against |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | $74K | $258 | — |
| 2024 | $219K | $2K | — |
| 2022 | $315K | $785 | $4K |
| 2020 | $325K | $579 | $863 |
| 2018 | $375K | $74K | $323K |
By donor industry · PAC sponsor's industry tag, all cycles
| Industry | Direct PAC | Outside · for | Outside · against | Transactions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uncategorized | $664K | $59K | $320K | 386 |
| leadership pac uncategorized | $130K | — | — | 48 |
| finance | $111K | — | — | 60 |
| telecommunications | $72K | — | — | 25 |
| real estate | $71K | — | $4K | 24 |
| ideological conservative | $44K | $18K | — | 96 |
| insurance | $41K | — | — | 25 |
| labor union | $31K | — | — | 15 |
| party republican | $27K | — | — | 10 |
| defense | $25K | — | — | 18 |
| energy oil gas | $23K | — | — | 17 |
| agriculture | $17K | — | — | 13 |
| healthcare | $12K | — | — | 8 |
| single issue israel | $8K | — | — | 5 |
| pharma | $8K | — | — | 5 |
| jfc uncategorized | $6K | — | — | 5 |
| transportation | $6K | — | — | 6 |
| technology | $5K | — | — | 4 |
| single issue gun rights | $4K | — | $3K | 5 |
| energy utilities | $3K | — | — | 3 |
| education | $1K | — | — | 1 |
| single issue pro life | — | $278 | — | 1 |
| single issue pro choice | — | — | $121 | 5 |
Source: fec_pac_contributions (FEC bulk pas2, per-transaction, sub_id unique) via get_real_campaign_money / get_real_contributions_by_sector; industry from pac_industry_tags. "uncategorized" = the sponsoring PAC has no industry tag yet. Individual donors are not included.