Money around James P. McGovern · 5 election cycles on record
Three different things, kept apart on purpose. Direct PAC is money a political action committee gave the campaign committee. Outside spending for is independent expenditures supporting the member (FEC 24E/24C). Outside spending against is independent expenditures opposing them (24A/24F) — often the largest bucket, and it is money spent to defeat the member, so it is never added to the other two.
Direct PAC contributions
$1.9M
to the principal campaign committee, all cycles
Outside spending · for
$2K
independent expenditures supporting
Outside spending · against
$7K
independent expenditures opposing — not support
By election cycle
| Cycle | Direct PAC | Outside · for | Outside · against |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | $129K | — | — |
| 2024 | $356K | $1K | — |
| 2022 | $354K | $18 | $6K |
| 2020 | $419K | $123 | — |
| 2018 | $609K | $148 | $913 |
By donor industry · PAC sponsor's industry tag, all cycles
| Industry | Direct PAC | Outside · for | Outside · against | Transactions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uncategorized | $1.0M | $1K | — | 503 |
| labor union | $437K | $68 | $913 | 151 |
| healthcare | $58K | — | — | 38 |
| real estate | $52K | — | $6K | 24 |
| insurance | $44K | — | — | 16 |
| agriculture | $36K | — | — | 17 |
| education | $34K | — | — | 12 |
| energy oil gas | $32K | — | — | 22 |
| pharma | $31K | — | — | 20 |
| finance | $24K | — | — | 16 |
| technology | $23K | — | — | 12 |
| telecommunications | $23K | — | — | 8 |
| transportation | $22K | — | — | 13 |
| leadership pac uncategorized | $14K | — | — | 6 |
| defense | $12K | — | — | 10 |
| party republican | $10K | — | — | 4 |
| ideological progressive | $6K | — | — | 2 |
| single issue environment | $3K | $40 | — | 8 |
| party democratic | $25 | — | — | 2 |
| single issue pro choice | — | $191 | — | 7 |
Source: fec_pac_contributions (FEC bulk pas2, per-transaction, sub_id unique) via get_real_campaign_money / get_real_contributions_by_sector; industry from pac_industry_tags. "uncategorized" = the sponsoring PAC has no industry tag yet. Individual donors are not included.