Money around Katherine M. Clark · 5 election cycles on record
Three different things, kept apart on purpose. Direct PAC is money a political action committee gave the campaign committee. Outside spending for is independent expenditures supporting the member (FEC 24E/24C). Outside spending against is independent expenditures opposing them (24A/24F) — often the largest bucket, and it is money spent to defeat the member, so it is never added to the other two.
Direct PAC contributions
$6.5M
to the principal campaign committee, all cycles
Outside spending · for
$1K
independent expenditures supporting
Outside spending · against
$8K
independent expenditures opposing — not support
By election cycle
| Cycle | Direct PAC | Outside · for | Outside · against |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | $1.3M | — | — |
| 2024 | $2.4M | $10 | — |
| 2022 | $1.2M | $30 | $7K |
| 2020 | $876K | $1K | — |
| 2018 | $637K | $10 | $913 |
By donor industry · PAC sponsor's industry tag, all cycles
| Industry | Direct PAC | Outside · for | Outside · against | Transactions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uncategorized | $3.3M | $12 | — | 1,424 |
| labor union | $555K | $1K | $913 | 172 |
| finance | $468K | — | — | 183 |
| healthcare | $429K | — | — | 182 |
| insurance | $308K | — | — | 118 |
| defense | $234K | — | — | 111 |
| technology | $223K | — | — | 94 |
| pharma | $207K | — | — | 113 |
| telecommunications | $204K | — | — | 99 |
| transportation | $109K | — | — | 57 |
| real estate | $67K | — | $7K | 27 |
| party republican | $60K | — | — | 24 |
| education | $60K | — | — | 23 |
| single issue israel | $44K | — | — | 27 |
| energy oil gas | $37K | — | — | 18 |
| leadership pac uncategorized | $37K | — | — | 18 |
| single issue pro choice | $22K | $121 | — | 14 |
| agriculture | $19K | — | — | 12 |
| single issue gun control | $19K | — | — | 10 |
| ideological progressive | $18K | — | — | 4 |
| jfc uncategorized | $15K | — | — | 1 |
| single issue environment | $11K | $40 | — | 17 |
| energy utilities | $2K | — | — | 1 |
Source: fec_pac_contributions (FEC bulk pas2, per-transaction, sub_id unique) via get_real_campaign_money / get_real_contributions_by_sector; industry from pac_industry_tags. "uncategorized" = the sponsoring PAC has no industry tag yet. Individual donors are not included.