What This Bill Does · Plain English
Summary · Congress.gov
Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act This bill prohibits a Federal Reserve bank from offering products or services directly to an individual, maintaining an account on behalf of an individual, or issuing a central bank digital currency (i.e., a digital dollar). Further, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System is prohibited from using a central bank digital currency to implement monetary policy or from testing, studying, creating, or implementing a central bank digital currency, with exceptions as provided by the bill.
Vote Breakdown · How Congress voted on HR.1919
House
219-210
PASSED
Independents
219 yea
210 nay
⚠️ 12 members broke with party on this vote
Action Timeline
2025-07-17
DEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on H.R. 1919.
2025-07-17
Considered under the provisions of rule H. Res. 580. (consideration: CR H3427-3434)
2025-07-17
Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 4016, H.R. 3633, H.R. 1919 and S. 1582. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 4016 and H.R. 3633 under a structured rule, and H.R. 1919 and S. 1582 under a closed rule, with one hour of ge
2025-07-17
Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
2025-07-17
On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 219 - 210 (Roll no. 201). (text of amendment in the nature of a substitute: CR H3427-3428)
2025-07-17
Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 219 - 210 (Roll no. 201).
2025-07-17
Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H3450)
2025-07-17
POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - At the conclusion of debate on H.R. 1919, the Chair put the question on passage of the bill and by voice vote, announced that the ayes had prevailed. Ms. Waters demanded the yeas and nays and the Chair postponed furt
2025-07-17
The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.
2025-07-15
Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 580 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 4016, H.R. 3633, H.R. 1919 and S. 1582. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 4016 and H.R. 3633 under a structured rule, and H.R.
Frequently Asked Questions
Did HR.1919 pass?
HR.1919 is still alive. Current stage: PASSED_ONE. Pass likelihood: 28%.
What does HR.1919 do?
Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act This bill prohibits a Federal Reserve bank from offering products or services directly to an individual, maintaining an account on behalf of an individual, or issuing a central bank digital currency (i.e., a digital dollar). Further, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System is prohibited from using a central bank digital currency to implement monetary policy or from testing, studying, creating, or implementing a central bank digital currency, with exceptions as provided by the bill.
Who sponsored HR.1919?
HR.1919 was sponsored by Tom Emmer (R-Minnesota).
Who voted against HR.1919?
12 members broke with their party on this vote.
Full Bill Text
119 HR 1919 EH: Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act U.S. House of Representatives text/xml EN Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain. IB 119th CONGRESS 1st Session H. R. 1919 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AN ACT To amend the Federal Reserve Act to prohibit the Federal reserve banks from offering certain products or services directly to an individual, to prohibit the use of central bank digital currency for monetary policy, and for other purposes. 1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Anti-CBDC Surveillance State Act . 2. Prohibition on Federal reserve banks relating to certain products or services for individuals and prohibition on directly issuing a central bank digital currency Section 16 of the Federal Reserve Act ( 12 U.S.C. 411 et seq. ) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: (18) (A) A Federal reserve bank may not— (i) offer financial products or services directly to an individual; (ii) maintain an account on behalf of an individual; or (iii) issue a central bank digital currency, or any digital asset that is substantially similar under any other name or label. (B) In this paragraph, the term central bank digital currency has the meaning given that term under section 10(11)(D). . 3. Prohibition on Federal reserve banks indirectly issuing a central bank digital currency Section 16 of the Federal Reserve Act ( 12 U.S.C. 411 et seq. ), as amended by section 2, is further amended by adding at the end the following paragraph: (19) (A) A Federal reserve bank may not offer a central bank digital currency, or any digital asset that is substantially similar under any other name or label, indirectly to an individual through a financial institution or other intermediary. (B) In this paragraph, the term central bank digital currency has the meaning given that term under section 10(11)(D). . 4. Prohibition with respect to central bank digital currency Section 10 of the Federal Reserve Act ( 12 U.S.C. 241 et seq. ) is amended by inserting before paragraph (12) the following: (11) Prohibition with respect to central bank digital currency (A) In general The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System may not test, study, develop, create, or implement a central bank digital currency, or any digital asset that is substantially similar under any other name or label. (B) Monetary policy The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Open Market Committee may not use a central bank digital currency to implement monetary policy, or any digital asset that is substantially similar under any other name or label. (C) Exception Subparagraph (A) and sections 16(18)(A)(iii) and 16(19)(A) may not be construed to prohibit any dollar-denominated currency that is open, permissionless, and private, and fully preserves the privacy protections of United States coins and physical currency. (D) Central bank digital currency defined In this paragraph, the term central bank digital currency means a form of digital money or monetary value that is— (i) denominated in the national unit of account; (ii) a direct liability of the Federal Reserve System; and (iii) widely available to the general public. . 5. Sense of Congress It is the sense of Congress that the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System currently does not have the authority to issue a central bank digital currency, or any digital asset that is substantially similar under any other name or label, and will not have such authority unless Congress grants it under Congress’s Article 1 Section 8 powers. Passed the House of Representatives July 17, 2025. Kevin F. McCumber, Clerk.
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